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ASP.NET MVC5網站開發之用戶添加和瀏覽2（七）

一、數據存儲層

1、查找分頁列表

在寫用戶列表時遇到了問題，考慮到用戶可能會較多的情況需要分頁，在數據存儲層寫的方法是public IQueryableT> FindPageListTKey>(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber, ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, ExpressionFuncT, TKey>> order, bool asc)。

主要問題就在紅色的order這兒，這個參數不好傳遞，比如：如果是已ID來排序哪TKey類型是int，如果以注冊時間來排序哪TKey類型就是datetime。如果我在業務邏輯層寫一個函數可以支持選擇排序類型，那么我沒有辦法聲明一個變量既可以存儲TKey為int的值，又可以存儲datetime的值,那么排序就要寫成下面這個樣子，感覺不舒服。

//排序
      switch(order)
      {
        case 0://ID升序
          _users.Items = Repository.FindPageList((int)pageSize, (int)pageIndex, out _users.TotalNumber, _where, u => u.UserID, true).ToList();
          break;
        case 1://ID降序
          _users.Items = Repository.FindPageList((int)pageSize, (int)pageIndex, out _users.TotalNumber, _where, u => u.UserID, false).ToList();
          break;
        case 2://注冊時間降序
          _users.Items = Repository.FindPageList((int)pageSize, (int)pageIndex, out _users.TotalNumber, _where, u => u.RegTime, true).ToList();
          break;
        case 3://注冊時間升序
          _users.Items = Repository.FindPageList((int)pageSize, (int)pageIndex, out _users.TotalNumber, _where, u => u.RegTime, false).ToList();
          break;
        case 4://最后登錄時間升序
          _users.Items = Repository.FindPageList((int)pageSize, (int)pageIndex, out _users.TotalNumber, _where, u => u.LastLoginTime, true).ToList();
          break;
        case 5://最后登錄時間降序
          _users.Items = Repository.FindPageList((int)pageSize, (int)pageIndex, out _users.TotalNumber, _where, u => u.LastLoginTime, false).ToList();
          break;
        default://ID降序
          _users.Items = Repository.FindPageList((int)pageSize, (int)pageIndex, out _users.TotalNumber, _where, u => u.UserID, false).ToList();
          break;
      }

后來將TKey設為dynamic類型，不論ExpressionFuncT, dynamic>> order = u => u.UserID 或者u => u.RegTime都可以編譯通過，但是一運行就會出錯。

前幾天沒寫博客一直在考慮這個問題，后來還是換成用字符串的方式來動態排序。步驟如下：

Ninesky.DataLibrary[右鍵]->添加->類，輸入類名OrderParam

namespace Ninesky.DataLibrary
{
  /// summary>
  /// 排序參數
  /// /summary>
  public class OrderParam
  {
    /// summary>
    /// 屬性名
    /// /summary>
    public string PropertyName { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 排序方式
    /// /summary>
    public OrderMethod Method { get; set; }
  }

  /// summary>
  /// 排序方式
  /// /summary>
  public enum OrderMethod
  {
    /// summary>
    /// 正序
    /// /summary>
    ASC,
    /// summary>
    /// 倒序
    /// /summary>
    DESC
  }
}

打開Ninesky.DataLibrary/Repository.cs,將方法public IQueryableT> FindPageListTKey>(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber, ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, ExpressionFuncT, TKey>> order, bool asc)的代碼修改為

/// summary>
    /// 查找分頁列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="pageSize">每頁記錄數。必須大于1/param>
    /// param name="pageIndex">頁碼。首頁從1開始，頁碼必須大于1/param>
    /// param name="totalNumber">總記錄數/param>
    /// param name="where">查詢表達式/param>
    /// param name="orderParams">排序【null-不設置】/param>
    public IQueryableT> FindPageList(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber, ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, OrderParam[] orderParams)
    {
      if (pageIndex  1) pageIndex = 1;
      if (pageSize  1) pageSize = 10;
      IQueryableT> _list = DbContext.SetT>().Where(where);
      var _orderParames = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o");
      if (orderParams != null  orderParams.Length > 0)
      {
        for (int i = 0; i  orderParams.Length; i++)
        {
          //根據屬性名獲取屬性
          var _property = typeof(T).GetProperty(orderParams[i].PropertyName);
          //創建一個訪問屬性的表達式
          var _propertyAccess = Expression.MakeMemberAccess(_orderParames, _property);
          var _orderByExp = Expression.Lambda(_propertyAccess, _orderParames);
          string _orderName = orderParams[i].Method == OrderMethod.ASC ? "OrderBy" : "OrderByDescending";
          MethodCallExpression resultExp = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), _orderName, new Type[] { typeof(T), _property.PropertyType }, _list.Expression, Expression.Quote(_orderByExp));
          _list = _list.Provider.CreateQueryT>(resultExp);
        }
      }
      totalNumber = _list.Count();
      return _list.Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageIndex).Take(pageSize);
    }

方法中排序參數（OrderParam[]）使用數組，是考慮到多級排序的情況。對FindPageList重載代碼進行修改，修改完的代碼如下：

//查找實體分頁列表
    #region FindPageList

    /// summary>
    /// 查找分頁列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="pageSize">每頁記錄數。必須大于1/param>
    /// param name="pageIndex">頁碼。首頁從1開始，頁碼必須大于1/param>
    /// param name="totalNumber">總記錄數/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public IQueryableT> FindPageList(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber)
    {
      OrderParam _orderParam = null;
      return FindPageList(pageSize, pageIndex, out totalNumber, _orderParam);
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找分頁列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="pageSize">每頁記錄數。必須大于1/param>
    /// param name="pageIndex">頁碼。首頁從1開始，頁碼必須大于1/param>
    /// param name="totalNumber">總記錄數/param>
    /// param name="order">排序鍵/param>
    /// param name="asc">是否正序/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public IQueryableT> FindPageList(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber, OrderParam orderParam)
    {
      return FindPageList(pageSize, pageIndex, out totalNumber, (T)=> true, orderParam);
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找分頁列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="pageSize">每頁記錄數。必須大于1/param>
    /// param name="pageIndex">頁碼。首頁從1開始，頁碼必須大于1/param>
    /// param name="totalNumber">總記錄數/param>
    /// param name="where">查詢表達式/param>
    public IQueryableT> FindPageList(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber, ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where)
    {
      OrderParam _param = null;
      return FindPageList(pageSize, pageIndex, out totalNumber, where, _param);
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找分頁列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="pageSize">每頁記錄數。/param>
    /// param name="pageIndex">頁碼。首頁從1開始/param>
    /// param name="totalNumber">總記錄數/param>
    /// param name="where">查詢表達式/param>
    /// param name="orderParam">排序【null-不設置】/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public IQueryableT> FindPageList(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber, ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, OrderParam orderParam)
    {
      OrderParam[] _orderParams = null;
      if (orderParam != null) _orderParams = new OrderParam[] { orderParam };
      return FindPageList(pageSize, pageIndex, out totalNumber, where, _orderParams);
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找分頁列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="pageSize">每頁記錄數。/param>
    /// param name="pageIndex">頁碼。首頁從1開始/param>
    /// param name="totalNumber">總記錄數/param>
    /// param name="where">查詢表達式/param>
    /// param name="orderParams">排序【null-不設置】/param>
    public IQueryableT> FindPageList(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber, ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, OrderParam[] orderParams)
    {
      if (pageIndex  1) pageIndex = 1;
      if (pageSize  1) pageSize = 10;
      IQueryableT> _list = DbContext.SetT>().Where(where);
      var _orderParames = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o");
      if (orderParams != null  orderParams.Length > 0)
      {
        for (int i = 0; i  orderParams.Length; i++)
        {
          //根據屬性名獲取屬性
          var _property = typeof(T).GetProperty(orderParams[i].PropertyName);
          //創建一個訪問屬性的表達式
          var _propertyAccess = Expression.MakeMemberAccess(_orderParames, _property);
          var _orderByExp = Expression.Lambda(_propertyAccess, _orderParames);
          string _orderName = orderParams[i].Method == OrderMethod.ASC ? "OrderBy" : "OrderByDescending";
          MethodCallExpression resultExp = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), _orderName, new Type[] { typeof(T), _property.PropertyType }, _list.Expression, Expression.Quote(_orderByExp));
          _list = _list.Provider.CreateQueryT>(resultExp);
        }
      }
      totalNumber = _list.Count();
      return _list.Skip((pageIndex - 1) * pageIndex).Take(pageSize);
    }

    #endregion

2、查找列表

基于分頁列表同樣的原因，對FindList方法也進行修改。

//查找實體列表
    #region FindList
    /// summary>
    /// 查找實體列表
    /// /summary>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public IQueryableT> FindList()
    {
      return DbContext.SetT>();
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找實體列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="where">查詢Lambda表達式/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public IQueryableT> FindList(ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where)
    {
      return DbContext.SetT>().Where(where);
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找實體列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="where">查詢Lambda表達式/param>
    /// param name="number">獲取的記錄數量/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public IQueryableT> FindList(ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, int number)
    {
      return DbContext.SetT>().Where(where).Take(number);
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找實體列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="where">查詢Lambda表達式/param>
    /// param name="orderParam">排序參數/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public IQueryableT> FindList(ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, OrderParam orderParam)
    {
      return FindList(where, orderParam, 0);
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找實體列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="where">查詢Lambda表達式/param>
    /// param name="orderParam">排序參數/param>
    /// param name="number">獲取的記錄數量【0-不啟用】/param>
    public IQueryableT> FindList(ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, OrderParam orderParam, int number)
    {
      OrderParam[] _orderParams = null;
      if (orderParam != null) _orderParams = new OrderParam[] { orderParam };
      return FindList(where, _orderParams, number);
    }

    /// summary>
    /// 查找實體列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="where">查詢Lambda表達式/param>
    /// param name="orderParams">排序參數/param>
    /// param name="number">獲取的記錄數量【0-不啟用】/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public IQueryableT> FindList(ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, OrderParam[] orderParams, int number)
    {
      var _list = DbContext.SetT>().Where(where);
      var _orderParames = Expression.Parameter(typeof(T), "o");
      if (orderParams != null  orderParams.Length > 0)
      {
        for (int i = 0; i  orderParams.Length; i++)
        {
          //根據屬性名獲取屬性
          var _property = typeof(T).GetProperty(orderParams[i].PropertyName);
          //創建一個訪問屬性的表達式
          var _propertyAccess = Expression.MakeMemberAccess(_orderParames, _property);
          var _orderByExp = Expression.Lambda(_propertyAccess, _orderParames);
          string _orderName = orderParams[i].Method == OrderMethod.ASC ? "OrderBy" : "OrderByDescending";
          MethodCallExpression resultExp = Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), _orderName, new Type[] { typeof(T), _property.PropertyType }, _list.Expression, Expression.Quote(_orderByExp));
          _list = _list.Provider.CreateQueryT>(resultExp);
        }
      }
      if (number > 0) _list = _list.Take(number);
      return _list;
    }
    #endregion

二、業務邏輯層

1、用戶模型

Ninesky.Core【右鍵】->添加->類，輸入類名User。

引用System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations命名空間

using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace Ninesky.Core
{
  /// summary>
  /// 用戶模型
  /// /summary>
  public class User
  {
    [Key]
    public int UserID { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 角色ID
    /// /summary>
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "必須輸入{0}")]
    [Display(Name = "角色ID")]
    public int RoleID { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 用戶名
    /// /summary>
    [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 4, ErrorMessage = "{0}長度為{2}-{1}個字符")]
    [Display(Name = "用戶名")]
    public string Username { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 名稱【可做昵稱、真實姓名等】
    /// /summary>
    [StringLength(20, ErrorMessage = "{0}必須少于{1}個字符")]
    [Display(Name = "名稱")]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 性別【0-女，1-男，2-保密】
    /// /summary>
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "必須輸入{0}")]
    [Range(0,2,ErrorMessage ="{0}范圍{1}-{2}")]
    [Display(Name = "性別")]
    public int Sex { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 密碼
    /// /summary>
    [DataType(DataType.Password)]
    [StringLength(256, ErrorMessage = "{0}長度少于{1}個字符")]
    [Display(Name = "密碼")]
    public string Password { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// Email
    /// /summary>
    [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
    [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 4, ErrorMessage = "{0}長度為{2}-{1}個字符")]
    [Display(Name = "Email")]
    public string Email { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 最后登錄時間
    /// /summary>
    [DataType(DataType.DateTime)]
    [Display(Name = "最后登錄時間")]
    public NullableDateTime> LastLoginTime { get; set; }


    /// summary>
    /// 最后登錄IP
    /// /summary>
    [Display(Name = "最后登錄IP")]
    public string LastLoginIP { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 注冊時間
    /// /summary>
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "必須輸入{0}")]
    [Display(Name = "注冊時間")]
    public DateTime RegTime { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 角色
    /// /summary>
    public virtual Role Role { get; set; }

  }
}

用戶名、密碼和Email未設置成必填是考慮到，以后可以擴展QQ賬號、微博賬號等Owin方式登錄等功能，用Owin登錄的賬號不會有這幾個參數。對于用戶添加和注冊，可以寫一個視圖模型進行驗證。

2、添加表映射

打開Ninesky.Core/NineskyContext.cs，添加Users表映射（紅框部分）

3、更新數據表

在【工具欄】->【工具】->NuGet包管理器->程序包管理器控制臺，運行命令Update-Database。

4、用戶管理類

Ninesky.Core【右鍵】->添加->類，輸入類名UserManager，類繼承自BaseManagerUser>

引用命名空間：using Ninesky.Core.Types; using Ninesky.DataLibrary;

因一般網站用戶的數量肯能要較多，在顯示用戶列表的時候要分頁顯示，在數據存儲層（Ninesky.DataLibrary）的Repository類中 public IQueryableT> FindPageListTKey>(int pageSize, int pageIndex, out int totalNumber, ExpressionFuncT, bool>> where, ExpressionFuncT, TKey>> order, bool asc)等分頁方法，方法參數where為Lambda表達式樹，在UserManager類的方法中我希望動態構造表達式樹，這里需要借助一個小工具LINQKit。

Ninesky.Core->引用【右鍵】->管理NuGet程序包。

在NuGet包管理器中搜索linqkit，安裝LinqKit最新版本。

在UserController中引用命名空間using LinqKit;

4.1 分頁列表

添加FindPageList方法，代碼如下：

/// summary>
    /// 分頁列表
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="pagingUser">分頁數據/param>
    /// param name="roleID">角色ID/param>
    /// param name="username">用戶名/param>
    /// param name="name">名稱/param>
    /// param name="sex">性別/param>
    /// param name="email">Email/param>
    /// param name="order">排序【null（默認）-ID降序，0-ID升序，1-ID降序，2-注冊時間降序，3-注冊時間升序，4-最后登錄時間升序，5-最后登錄時間降序】/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public PagingUser> FindPageList(PagingUser> pagingUser, int? roleID, string username, string name, int? sex, string email, int? order)
    {
      //查詢表達式
      var _where = PredicateBuilder.TrueUser>();
      if (roleID != null  roleID > 0) _where = _where.And(u => u.RoleID == roleID);
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(username)) _where = _where.And(u => u.Username.Contains(username));
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) _where = _where.And(u => u.Name.Contains(name));
      if (sex != null  sex >= 0  sex = 2) _where = _where.And(u => u.Sex == sex);
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(email)) _where = _where.And(u => u.Email.Contains(email));
      //排序
      OrderParam _orderParam;
      switch(order)
      {
        case 0://ID升序
          _orderParam = new OrderParam() { PropertyName = "UserID", Method = OrderMethod.ASC };
          break;
        case 1://ID降序
          _orderParam = new OrderParam() { PropertyName = "UserID", Method = OrderMethod.DESC };
          break;
        case 2://注冊時間降序
          _orderParam = new OrderParam() { PropertyName = "RegTime", Method = OrderMethod.ASC };
          break;
        case 3://注冊時間升序
          _orderParam = new OrderParam() { PropertyName = "RegTime", Method = OrderMethod.DESC };
          break;
        case 4://最后登錄時間升序
          _orderParam = new OrderParam() { PropertyName = "LastLoginTime", Method = OrderMethod.ASC };
          break;
        case 5://最后登錄時間降序
          _orderParam = new OrderParam() { PropertyName = "LastLoginTime", Method = OrderMethod.DESC };
          break;
        default://ID降序
          _orderParam = new OrderParam() { PropertyName = "UserID", Method = OrderMethod.DESC };
          break;
      }
      pagingUser.Items = Repository.FindPageList(pagingUser.PageSize,pagingUser.PageIndex, out pagingUser.TotalNumber, _where.Expand(),_orderParam).ToList();
      return pagingUser;
    }

4.2 判斷用戶名是否存在

添加HasUsername方法，代碼如下

/// summary>
    /// 用戶名是否存在
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="accounts">用戶名[不區分大小寫]/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public bool HasUsername(string username)
    {
      return base.Repository.IsContains(u => u.Username.ToUpper() == username.ToUpper());
    }

4.3判斷Email是否存在

添加HasEmail方法，代碼如下

/// summary>
    /// Email是否存在
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="email">Email[不區分大小寫]/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public bool HasEmail(string email)
    {
      return base.Repository.IsContains(u => u.Email.ToUpper() == email.ToUpper());
    }

4.4 添加用戶

因添加用戶時，賬號和Email不能重復所以添加前先判斷一下用戶名和密碼是否存在。這里用戶名為空時不進行判斷是因為考慮有可能以后使用可能用QQ等其他方式登錄。

/// summary>
    /// 添加【返回值Response.Code:0-失敗，1-成功，2-賬號已存在，3-Email已存在】
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="user">用戶/param>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public override Response Add(User user)
    {
      Response _resp = new Response();
      //賬號是否存在
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(user.Username)  HasUsername(user.Username))
      {
        _resp.Code = 2;
        _resp.Message = "用戶名已存在";
      }
      //Email是否存在
      if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(user.Email)  HasUsername(user.Email))
      {
        _resp.Code = 3;
        _resp.Message = "Email已存在";
      }
      if(_resp.Code == 0) _resp = base.Add(user);
      return _resp;
    }

三、展示層

Ninesky.Web/Areas/Control/Controllers【右鍵】->添加->控制器。選擇 MVC5 控制器 – 空, 輸入控制器名稱UserController。

在控制器中引入命名空間Ninesky.Core;（1）

為控制器添加身份驗證[AdminAuthorize]（2）

添加變量private RoleManager roleManager = new RoleManager();（3）

1、用戶瀏覽

1.1、分頁列表方法

在UserController中添加方法PageListJson，返回Json格式的分頁數據。

/// summary>
    /// 分頁列表【json】
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="roleID">角色ID/param>
    /// param name="username">用戶名/param>
    /// param name="name">名稱/param>
    /// param name="sex">性別/param>
    /// param name="email">Email/param>
    /// param name="pageIndex">頁碼/param>
    /// param name="pageSize">每頁記錄數/param>
    /// param name="order">排序/param>
    /// returns>Json/returns>
    public ActionResult PageListJson(int? roleID, string username,string name,int? sex,string email,int? pageNumber, int? pageSize,int? order)
    {
      PagingUser> _pagingUser = new PagingCore.User>();
      if (pageNumber != null  pageNumber > 0) _pagingUser.PageIndex = (int)pageNumber;
      if (pageSize != null  pageSize > 0) _pagingUser.PageSize = (int)pageSize;
      var _paging = userManager.FindPageList(_pagingUser, roleID, username, name, sex, email, null);
      return Json(new { total = _paging.TotalNumber, rows = _paging.Items });
    }

1.2、默認頁視圖

在UserController中添加Index方法

/// summary>
    /// 默認頁
    /// /summary>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public ActionResult Index()
    {
      return View();
    }

在Index 方法上點右鍵 –>添加->視圖

@{
  ViewBag.Title = "用戶管理";
}

@section SideNav{@Html.Partial("SideNavPartialView")}

ol class="breadcrumb">
  li>span class="glyphicon glyphicon-home">/span> @Html.ActionLink("首頁", "Index", "Home")/li>
  li class="active">@Html.ActionLink("用戶管理", "Index", "User")/li>
/ol>

table id="usergrid">/table>
@section style{
  @Styles.Render("~/Content/bootstrapplugincss")
}

@section scripts{
  @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")
  @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/bootstrapplugin")
  script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function () {
      //表格
      var $table = $('#usergrid');
      $table.bootstrapTable({
        showRefresh: true,
        showColumns: true,
        pagination: true,
        sidePagination: "server",
        pageList:"[5, 10, 20, 50, 100]",
        method: "post",
        url: "@Url.Action("PageListJson")",
        columns: [
          { title: "ID", field: "UserID" },
          { title: "角色", field: "RoleID" },
          { title: "用戶名", field: "Username" },
          { title: "名稱", field: "Name", formatter: function (value, row, index) { return "a href='@Url.Action("Modify", "User")/" + row.UserID + "'>" + value + "/a>" } },
          { title: "性別", field: "Sex" },
          { title: "Email", field: "Email", visible:false },
          { title: "最后登錄時間", field: "LastLoginTime" },
          { title: "最后登錄IP", field: "LastLoginIP", visible:false },
          { title: "注冊時間", field: "RegTime",visible:false },
          { title: "操作", field: "UserID", formatter: function (value) { return "a class='btn btn-sm btn-danger' data-operation='deleteuser' data-value='" + value + "'>刪除/a>" } }
        ],
        onLoadSuccess: function () {
          //刪除按鈕
          //刪除按鈕結束
        }
      });
      //表格結束
    });
  /script>
}

1.3側導航局部視圖

Ninesky.Web/Areas/Control/Views/User【右鍵】->添加->視圖，輸入視圖名稱

div class="panel panel-default">
  div class="panel-heading">
    div class="panel-title">span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user">/span> 用戶管理/div>
  /div>
  div class="panel-body">
    div class="list-group">
      div class="list-group-item">span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus">/span> @Html.ActionLink("添加用戶", "Add", "User")/div>
      div class="list-group-item">span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list">/span> @Html.ActionLink("用戶管理", "Index", "User")/div>
    /div>
  /div>
/div>

2、添加用戶

2.1 添加用戶視圖模型

Ninesky.Web/Areas/Control/Models【右鍵】->添加->“AddUserViewModel”

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace Ninesky.Web.Areas.Control.Models
{
  /// summary>
  /// 添加用戶視圖模型類
  /// /summary>
  public class AddUserViewModel
  {
    /// summary>
    /// 角色ID
    /// /summary>
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "必須選擇{0}")]
    [Display(Name = "角色ID")]
    public int RoleID { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 用戶名
    /// /summary>
    [Remote("CanUsername","User",HttpMethod = "Post", ErrorMessage ="用戶名已存在")]
    [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 4, ErrorMessage = "{0}長度為{2}-{1}個字符")]
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "必須輸入{0}")]
    [Display(Name = "用戶名")]
    public string Username { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 姓名【可做昵稱、真實姓名等】
    /// /summary>
    [StringLength(20, ErrorMessage = "{0}必須少于{1}個字符")]
    [Display(Name = "姓名")]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 性別【0-女，1-男，2-保密】
    /// /summary>
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "必須選擇{0}")]
    [Range(0, 2, ErrorMessage = "{0}范圍{1}-{2}")]
    [Display(Name = "性別")]
    public int Sex { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 密碼
    /// /summary>
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "必須輸入{0}")]
    [DataType(DataType.Password)]
    [StringLength(256, ErrorMessage = "{0}長度少于{1}個字符")]
    [Display(Name = "密碼")]
    public string Password { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// 確認密碼
    /// /summary>
    [System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Compare("Password",ErrorMessage ="兩次輸入的密碼不一致")]
    [DataType(DataType.Password)]
    [Display(Name = "確認密碼")]
    public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }

    /// summary>
    /// Email
    /// /summary>
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "必須輸入{0}")]
    [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
    [Remote("CanEmail", "User",HttpMethod = "Post", ErrorMessage = "Email已存在")]
    [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 4, ErrorMessage = "{0}長度為{2}-{1}個字符")]
    [Display(Name = "Email")]
    public string Email { get; set; }
  }
}

模型中使用到了遠程驗證（Remote）、屬性比較（Compare）等驗證方式。

2.2用戶名和Email遠程驗證方法

在UserController中添加CanUsername和CanEmail方法

/// summary>
    /// 用戶名是否可用
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="UserName">用戶名/param>
    /// returns>/returns> 
    [HttpPost]
    public JsonResult CanUsername(string UserName)
    {
      return Json(!userManager.HasUsername(UserName));
    }

    /// summary>
    /// Email是否存可用
    /// /summary>
    /// param name="Email">Email/param>
    /// returns>/returns> 
    [HttpPost]
    public JsonResult CanEmail(string Email)
    {
      return Json(!userManager.HasEmail(Email));
    }

2.3 添加用戶頁面

在UserController中添加Add方法

/// summary>
    /// 添加用戶
    /// /summary>
    /// returns>/returns>
    public ActionResult Add()
    {
      //角色列表
      var _roles = new RoleManager().FindList();
      ListSelectListItem> _listItems = new ListSelectListItem>(_roles.Count());
      foreach(var _role in _roles)
      {
        _listItems.Add(new SelectListItem() { Text = _role.Name, Value = _role.RoleID.ToString() });
      }
      ViewBag.Roles = _listItems;
      //角色列表結束
      return View();
    }

方法中向視圖傳遞角色列表ViewBag.Roles

右鍵添加視圖

代碼如下：

@model Ninesky.Web.Areas.Control.Models.AddUserViewModel

@{
  ViewBag.Title = "添加用戶";
}

@section SideNav{@Html.Partial("SideNavPartialView")}

ol class="breadcrumb">
  li>span class="glyphicon glyphicon-home">/span> @Html.ActionLink("首頁", "Index", "Home")/li>
  li> @Html.ActionLink("用戶管理", "Index", "User")/li>
  li class="active">@Html.ActionLink("添加用戶", "Add", "User")/li>
/ol>
@using (Html.BeginForm()) 
{
  @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
  
  div class="form-horizontal">
    hr />
    @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
    div class="form-group">
      @Html.LabelFor(model => model.RoleID, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
      div class="col-md-10">
        @Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.RoleID, (IEnumerableSelectListItem>)ViewBag.Roles, new { @class = "form-control" });
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.RoleID, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
      /div>
    /div>

    div class="form-group">
      @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Username, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
      div class="col-md-10">
        @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Username, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Username, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
      /div>
    /div>

    div class="form-group">
      @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
      div class="col-md-10">
        @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
      /div>
    /div>

    div class="form-group">
      @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Sex, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
      div class="col-md-10">
        @Html.RadioButtonFor(model => model.Sex, 1) 男
        @Html.RadioButtonFor(model => model.Sex, 0) 女
        @Html.RadioButtonFor(model => model.Sex, 2) 保密
        
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Sex, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
      /div>
    /div>

    div class="form-group">
      @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Password, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
      div class="col-md-10">
        @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Password, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Password, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
      /div>
    /div>
    div class="form-group">
      @Html.LabelFor(model => model.ConfirmPassword, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
      div class="col-md-10">
        @Html.EditorFor(model => model.ConfirmPassword, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ConfirmPassword, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
      /div>
    /div>

    div class="form-group">
      @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Email, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
      div class="col-md-10">
        @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
        @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
      /div>
    /div>

    div class="form-group">
      div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
        input type="submit" value="添加" class="btn btn-default" />
      /div>
    /div>
  /div>
}
@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")

2.4添加處理方法

UserController中添加Add(AddUserViewModel userViewModel)方法

[HttpPost]
    [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
    public ActionResult Add(AddUserViewModel userViewModel)
    {
      if (userManager.HasUsername(userViewModel.Username)) ModelState.AddModelError("Username","用戶名已存在");
      if (userManager.HasEmail(userViewModel.Email)) ModelState.AddModelError("Email", "Email已存在");
      if (ModelState.IsValid)
      {
        Core.User _user = new Core.User();
        _user.RoleID = userViewModel.RoleID;
        _user.Username = userViewModel.Username;
        _user.Name = userViewModel.Name;
        _user.Sex = userViewModel.Sex;
        _user.Password = Core.General.Security.SHA256(userViewModel.Password);
        _user.Email = userViewModel.Email;
        _user.RegTime = System.DateTime.Now;
        var _response = userManager.Add(_user);
        if (_response.Code == 1) return View("Prompt",new Prompt() { Title="添加用戶成功",
         Message="您已成功添加了用戶【"+ _response.Data.Username+ "（"+ _response.Data.Name + "）】",
         Buttons= new Liststring> {"a href=\"" + Url.Action("Index", "User") + "\" class=\"btn btn-default\">用戶管理/a>",
         "a href=\"" + Url.Action("Details", "User",new { id= _response.Data.UserID }) + "\" class=\"btn btn-default\">查看用戶/a>",
         "a href=\"" + Url.Action("Add", "User") + "\" class=\"btn btn-default\">繼續添加/a>"} });
        else ModelState.AddModelError("", _response.Message);
      }
      //角色列表
      var _roles = new RoleManager().FindList();
      ListSelectListItem> _listItems = new ListSelectListItem>(_roles.Count());
      foreach (var _role in _roles)
      {
        _listItems.Add(new SelectListItem() { Text = _role.Name, Value = _role.RoleID.ToString() });
      }
      ViewBag.Roles = _listItems;
      //角色列表結束

      return View(userViewModel);
    }

2.5添加成功提示

UserController中[右鍵]添加視圖－Prompt

@model Ninesky.Web.Models.Prompt

@{
  ViewBag.Title = "提示";
}

@section SideNav{@Html.Partial("SideNavPartialView")}

ol class="breadcrumb">
  li>span class="glyphicon glyphicon-home">/span> @Html.ActionLink("首頁", "Index", "Home")/li>
  li class="active"> @Html.ActionLink("用戶管理", "Index", "User")/li>
/ol>
@Html.Partial("PromptPartialView", Model)

2.6 添加提示消息局部視圖

Ninesky.Web/Areas/Control/Views/Shared【右鍵】->添加->視圖。視圖名為PromptPartialView。

代碼如下：

@model Ninesky.Web.Models.Prompt

div class="panel panel-default">
  div class="panel-heading">div class="panel-title">@Model.Title/div>/div>
  div class="panel-body">
    p>@Html.Raw(Model.Message)/p>
    @if (Model.Buttons != null  Model.Buttons.Count > 0)
    {
      p>
        @foreach (var item in Model.Buttons)
        {
          @Html.Raw(item + "nbsp;nbsp;")

        }
      /p>
    }
  /div>
/div>

運行效果